Azmuk Nadiya, PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, Doctoral Candidate, Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiyv, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6650-328X
e-mail: azmukna@gmail.com

Modern Labor Market Challenges during the Transition to Digital Economy

Abstract. Introduction. The key feature of modern economy is the transition to new technologies, which causes changes in productive forces and industrial relations. Changes in technological modes are transforming the field of labour and generating demand for new forms and types of employment. The introduction of digital technologies into labour leads to the need for constant development of employees’ skills, opens new opportunities for professional growth and creates new threats. The processes of digitalization of labour encourage constant update of the information on the dynamics of spreading non-standard forms of employment, identifying trends of development and studying social, economic and digital risks for the national labour market.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to assess dynamics of non-standard employment spread in Ukraine, identify the risks of such employment and justify the ways of reducing social threats.

Results. The article explores the issues of labour market transformation under the influence of changing technological modes. The focus is on the changes that take place in the labour market during the transition to digital economy. The main trends in the current national labour market have been identified and a comparative analysis with world trends has been made. Emphasis has been put on structural changes in employment by sector, the level of employment forms flexibility and the level of digitalization.

The social risks of informal employment becoming an integral part of the national economy have been identified. They include underinvestment in human capital, imbalance between national labour and education markets, and low efficiency of social elevators. It has been proved that digital job platforms play the role of digital social lifts for highly qualified professionals. The downside of digital job platforms is the spread of social, economic, professional and other inequalities in the digital space. The main measures to smooth the existing imbalances in the labour market during the transition to digital economy have been identified.

Conclusions. It is difficult to monitor and regulate the digital segment of the labour market, driven by the rapid pace of its growth and the significant backlog of government institutions. The issues of developing digital tools for monitoring and regulating digital segment of the labour market remain open to debate.

Keywords: labour market; non-standard employment; informal employment; social risks; digital employment; employment through digital job platforms.

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