Dmytriieva Viktoriia, PhD of History, Associate Professor at the Department of Information Systems and Technologies (Faculty of Accounting and Finance), Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2410-4504
e-mail: dmytriieva.va@dsau.dp.ua

Efficiency of Ukraine Agriculture: Comparative Analysis by Countries

Abstract. Introduction. Agriculture plays prominent role to supply people with food and industry with raw. The development of this branch depends on as economic conjuncture as nature conditions. Ukraine agriculture have developed in two directions during the period of 1991-2018. After several years of declining this branch has started reviving since 2009. The question is how successful this process is flowing. Various investigations cover analysis of dynamics, structure, correlations between indicators, forecasting and juxtaposing with other economic branches. Studying experience of other economies that had downs, but then accumulated their strengths and made economical leap, is the example for own start in development. What caused the growth and what made countries prosperous? This experience must be studied and implemented by scientists, government, and farmers. Most nowadays successful countries started from revision of existing styles of agricultural management and farm holding. They initiated reforms and adopted laws that had to support development of farms. Some of countries, that have been under influence of Soviet Union’s style of management, being independent now are in the category of countries with middle or high world level of income. In contrary, Ukraine during almost thirty years of independence is fighting problems in economic development caused by negative factors including crises. To study features of countries’ growth and eliminate influence of inflation or incomparable indicators on results of analysis it is reasonable to investigate the same indicators for the similar period in determined currency. This article presents comparison results made for Ukraine Poland, Belarus, Moldova, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia despite their size and political preferences. Information for analysis used in this exploration is on the World Bank official site. Data cover the period of 1995-2019 years. 

Purpose. The main aim of this article is to compare indicators of agriculture development in Ukraine with other countries in order to find how successful and sufficient economic efforts of Ukraine are to raise agriculture sector on the higher level of development.

Results. Conducted analysis revealed that other countries compared with Ukraine get bigger value added per worker or per unit of agriculture land. Moreover, they not only feed own country, but also sell their production abroad. 

Conclusions. Ukraine has the biggest soils squares to plant crops, vegetable, fruit, but it gets the least amount of profit from land usage. Ukraine has positive tendency in agriculture development, but as comparison with other countries proved the existing way of land using or cultivation, farm holding, and agriculture management is insufficient to become a prosperous country. Crop and livestock production need to be investigated deeper.

Keywords: value added; productivity; land; fertilizer consumption; dynamics; tendency.

References:

1. Dmytriieva, V. and Sviatets, Yu. (2021). Turning points in agriculture development in Ukraine: results of analysis on the base of purified data. Agricultural and Resource Economics, 7(1), 5-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51599/are.2021.07.01.01.
2. Nadvynychnyy, S. (2016). The methodology of the study of economic efficiency of agricultural production. Ekonomichnyj analiz, 25(2), 115-121 [in Ukrainian].
3. Smolii, L.V. (2016). Comparative estimation of state support efficiency of agricultural sector of Ukraine and the EU countries. Innovative economics, 1-2 (61), 26-34 [in Ukrainian].
4. Wardhana, D., Ihle, R., Heijman, W. (2020). Farmer cooperation in agro‐clusters: Evidence from Indonesia. Agribusiness, 36(4), 725–750. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21637.
5. Fernández‐López, S., Rodeiro‐Pazos, D., Rey‐Ares L. (2020). Effects of working capital management on firms’ profitability: evidence from cheese‐producing companies. Agribusiness, 36(4), 770–791. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21666.
6. Loures, L., Chamizo, A., Ferreira, P., Loures, A., Castanho, R. and Panagopoulos, T. (2020). Assessing the Effectiveness of Precision Agriculture Management Systems in Mediterranean Small Farms. Sustainability, 12, 9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093765. 
7. Salazar, O., Rojas, C., Baginsky, C., Boza, S., Lankin, G., Muñoz-Sáez, A., Pérez-Quezada, J., Pertuzé, R., Renwick, L.L.R., Székács, A., and Altieri, M. (2020). Challenges for agroecology development for the building of sustainable agri-food systems. Int. J. Agric. Nat. Resour, 47(3), 152-158. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v47i3.2308. 
8. The World Bank (2021). World Development Indicators: Agricultural inputs. Official website. Retrieved from http://wdi.worldbank.org/table/3.2 
9. The World Bank (2021). Ukraine. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/ru/country/UKR?downloadformat=excel.
10. The World Bank (2021). Poland. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/country/POL?downloadformat=excel.
11. The World Bank (2021). Belarus. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/country/BLR?downloadformat=excel.
12. The World Bank (2021). Estonia. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/country/EST?downloadformat=excel.
13. The World Bank (2021). Lithuania. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/country/LTU?downloadformat=excel.
14. The World Bank (2021). Latvia. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/country/LVA?downloadformat=excel.
15. The World Bank (2021). Moldova. Data. Retrieved from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/country/MDA?downloadformat=excel.
16. EDGAR – Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (2019). Country Fact Sheet. Ukraine. Official website. Retrieved from https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/country_profile/UKR
17. Dabrowski, P., Lipski, A. (2002). Poland: Agrarian reforms and family farming. Online Knowledge Base. Natural Resource. Governance around the World. Retrieved from http://www.agter.org/bdf/en/corpus_chemin/fiche-chemin-73.html.
18. Kowalczyki, S., Kwasek, M. (2020). Agricultural sector in economy of Poland in 1950-2020. Western Balkan Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, 2(2), 77-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/WBJAE2002077K.
19. Jürgenson, E. and Rasva, M. (2020). The Changing Structure and Concentration of Agricultural Land Holdings in Estonia and PossibleThreat for Rural Areas. Land, 9(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9020041