Mariia Shkurat, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3263-2507
e-mail: m.shkurat@donnu.edu.ua

Viktoriia Lisna, applicant for higher education, Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0009-0005-4666-5651
e-mail: lisna.v@donnu.edu.ua

Migration Policy of the European Union

Abstract. Introduction. The migration policy of European countries is an important factor in ensuring the national security of the European Union. The twenty-first century is considered to be the century of migration. Migration movements, with their ever-growing scale, diversification of direction and composition, have become an important factor in the development of the globalised world. They have a significant impact on the quantitative and qualitative composition of the population, economy, politics and culture.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of migration policy, to study the current state of migration flows and to determine the prospects for further development of migration processes in the European Union.

Results. The article examines the migration policy of the European Union, investigates the current state of migration flows to and from the EU countries in 2015-2022, analyses the employment sectors and professions of immigrants in the European Union, most of all migrants are employed in catering, administrative and support activities, domestic work (personal care workers) and construction. The nationalities of migrants crossing the EU border illegally were identified, and the majority of migrants were of the Islamic faith. The EU’s attractiveness lies not only in its economy, but also in its standards of welfare, education, healthcare and freedom. However, the current rise of anti-immigration movements in the EU and the increasing pressure on immigrants may lead to a loss of the EU’s attractiveness.

Conclusions. The European Union’s migration policy needs to be completely revised and new approaches to addressing the problems of illegal migration and Islamisation of the European population should be introduced. The proposed directions should be integrated into a common foreign policy of the European Union and, above all, into the European security policy. The fight against illegal immigration should be the most important strategic priority in the EU’s foreign policy in the context of future enlargement.

Keywords: migration; European Union; Congress; Commission; migrants; migration policy.

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