Pavliuk Svitlana, PhD (Economics), Senior Lecturer, Department of Hote land Catering Industry and Business Organization, Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Mykolayiv, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9093-5237
e-mail: svetlanapavliyk@gmail.com

Samolevsky Yanis, Applicant for Higher Education Degree, Faculty of Management, Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Mykolayiv, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2831-0046
e-mail: yan.sml.sky@gmail.com

Potential of River Transport of Ukraine: Current State and Trends of Development

Introduction. In many countries of the world, river transport is an important part of the transport system because it is the cheapest and most convenient mode of transport, especially for bulk transportation. It is more economical than railway in five times and cheaper than automobile transport in ten times. Ukraine is known to have a fairly high navigable potential for rivers. Therefore the inland waterway transport is one of the important elements of infrastructure development.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of the river transport potential of Ukraine, to identify shortcomings and causes of their occurrence, to develop the main measures as a basis for the development of the river shipping.

Results. The analysis of the categorical apparatus allows us to establish that it is expedient to use the terms «maritime transport» and «inland water transport» in the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine. The emphasis is on inland waterway transport – rivers, lakes, canals, reservoirs, and by sea – the sea, oceans and adjacent waters. The current potential of the river transport is characterized by freight volumes, which were decreased almost twice in total since 2000. The largest share of the total volume of transportation are occupied by cabotage. The main cargo types of shipping there are the coal, construction materials, grain crops. The average life of a river fleet is 21-25 years, only 18% of the fleet is less than 20 years old. The technical condition of the river fleet are constantly deteriorating. A significant proportion of ships are being approach their critical lifespan. The existing infrastructure of the river piers (stations) does not meet the current international technical specifications and standards and is only used for 5-10% of its capacity. The large majority of the river ports were founded more than 50-60 years ago. This may be explained by capital investments are not provided from the state and the business side in sufficient numbers. The diversification of inland waterway transport will be consistent with the concept of sustainable development.

Conclusions. The main factors that slow down the development of the river transportation are the following: the dependence of the use of the river transport of territorial access, dock specialization, availability of reloading terminals and complexes for the reception, storage and shipment of products, railway and transport infrastructure, regional development of the region, environmental responsibility, monopolization individual dock and global logistic services.

The potential of the river transport in the long term is very high. This will be facilitated by the synergy of infrastructure and institutional support. Fulfillment of these conditions will be able to ensure an adequate level of competitiveness of the river transport in comparison with railway and automobile transport.

Key words: river transport; inland waterways; potential; shipping; infrastructure; capital investment.

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