Usykova Olena, Doctor of Economics, Docent, Director, Educational and Scientific Institute of Business, Innovative Development and International Affairs, Mykolaiv National Agrarian University

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6734-5757
e-mail: usykova@mnau.edu.ua

Economic and Statistical Analysis of Crop Production: a Regional Aspect

Abstract. Introduction. Crop production is a priority sector of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Development of this sector is important for many reasons. First, it is ensuring product safety as a component of national security. Second, the increase in imports of agricultural products is a significant cash flow, which allows the introduction of the latest technologies in agricultural enterprises. Thirdly, the primary production of crops is the foundation of other industries: animal husbandry, chemical, textile, medical, etc.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to carry out an economic and statistical analysis of crop production: regional aspect.

Results. The work examines the statistical model for evaluation of the impact of climatic conditions on the crop production in Ukraine. The conducted content analysis of scientific literary sources allows to conclude that the majority of Ukrainian scientists consider changes in climatic zones of Ukraine as a positive trend for crop production. However, it should be emphasized that the increase in the natural heat supply for crop production against the background of a significant decrease in the average annual precipitation significantly reduces the size of cultivated and harvested areas, the gross yield and the total yield of basic and perennial crops. In order to carry out calculations of key statistical indicators of crop production, the following tools were used: methods of analysis of absolute, relative and average values; methods of elaboration and study of groupings; methods of analysis of the structure of statistical populations; methods of trend studies. The analysis concerned the dynamics of change of statistical indicators of crop production in Mykolaiv region for the period 1990-2021: gross yield of grain and leguminous crops; total harvested area of grain and leguminous crops; wheat yield; per capita production of grain and leguminous crops.

Conclusions. It has been proved that the digitalization of agriculture contributes to the reduction of the burden on land and water resources, to the improvement of the soil structure and to the reduction of its compaction, to the reduction of the amount of fertilizers and pesticides, to the reduction of the level of emissions into the atmosphere.

Keywords: economic security; food crisis; management decisions; analysis and justification; agricultural sector of the economy.

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