Denys Krylov, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Finance, Banking and Insurance, Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

ORCID: 0000-0001-8522-5433
e-mail: krylov.denys2021@gmail.com

Characteristics of Transport Infrastructure as a Component of the National Economy of Ukraine

Abstract. Introduction. In times of economic instability and military operations, the importance of transportation infrastructure increases. Its ability to ensure transportation continuity, resource mobility, and economic relations creates the prerequisites for maintaining the state’s economic stability.

Purpose. This article aims to summarize theoretical approaches to understanding transport infrastructure as a component of the national economy and analyze how its components function in modern conditions.

Results. Transport infrastructure is considered a complex, multi-level system that encompasses various types of transportation, including railways, roads, waterways, airways, and pipelines. This article summarizes the infrastructure components and functional purpose of these elements in ensuring the transportation process. Each type of transport performs specific functions in the economy and forms an integral part of the transport system. In war conditions, significant changes occur in the functioning of the transport system, including the reorientation of logistical flows, the strengthening of certain types of transport, the restriction or complete cessation of the activities of others, and the significant destruction of infrastructure facilities.

Conclusions. An analysis of Ukraine’s transport infrastructure revealed that its functioning has significantly transformed in the context of a full-scale war. Railway transport, in particular, has strengthened its role in transportation, while road transport has ensured the flexibility of internal logistics. Water and air transport have been significantly restricted or have ceased operations entirely. Pipeline transport operates under reduced transit potential and altered supply routes. Further development of the transport infrastructure is associated with restoring destroyed facilities, modernizing them, integrating them into the European transport space, and actively using public-private partnership mechanisms to increase stability and efficiency.

Keywords: types of transport; military operations; infrastructure; national economy; transport infrastructure; transport system.

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