Tyvonchuk Ya. A., postgraduate student of the Department of Enterprise Economics, Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0009-0002-0210-0921

e-mail: Tyvonchuk@mnau.edu.ua

Institutional Imbalances in the System of Realizing the Economic Interests of Farm Enterprises: Challenges and Ways to Overcome Them

Abstract. Introduction. Farm enterprises play a crucial role in Ukraine’s agricultural economy, particularly with regard to ensuring rural development, food security, and preserving traditional livelihoods. The full-scale war has intensified structural changes in agrarian production, logistics, and investment activities, making it strategically important for farm enterprises to realize their economic interests. However, institutional barriers, such as limited access to resources, legal inconsistencies, weak representation, and the gap between formal policy mechanisms and actual conditions, significantly constrain farmers’ ability to function sustainably.

Purpose: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the institutional factors that influence the realization of the economic interests of Ukrainian farm enterprises under wartime and transformation conditions. This study aims to identify formal and informal constraints, assess their implications, and develop evidence-based recommendations to improve the institutional environment in the agricultural sector.

Results. The study reveals that institutional imbalances, such as fragmented regulations, limited access to land and financing, weak institutional support, and underdeveloped agricultural cooperation, limit farmers’ ability to plan and invest. The war has exacerbated these issues by exposing farmers to physical threats, infrastructural damage, and increased economic risks. The absence of tailored, regionally adapted public policies, coupled with limited coordination between the government and local institutions, further undermines the sector’s resilience. The study emphasizes the importance of secure land tenure, simplified legal frameworks, improved access to support programs, and enhanced horizontal and vertical integration of producers.

Conclusions. Realizing farmers’ economic interests under conditions of war and uncertainty requires reforming the institutional system. This includes strengthening public-private partnerships, expanding the role of local governments, and improving legal and financial mechanisms. The article emphasizes the need for targeted, predictable, and transparent support tools, as well as the importance of post-war recovery planning through integrated institutional strategies.

Keywords: institutional barriers; farm enterprises; economic interests; wartime economy; land relations; cooperation; state support; agricultural policy; legal uncertainty; sustainable development.

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